What is IoT
Internet of Things includes several phenomena at once. These are the devices themselves that go online and interact with each other. This is the connection method — M2M — that is, machine-to-machine, without human intervention. This is the big data that devices now generate. Data that can (and should) be collected, analyzed and further used to increase comfort or make business decisions.
Where is it used?
Here are some examples of the scope of Internet of things in the world:
#Cities
City transport with displacement sensors, garbage cans with filling sensors, planning of transport routes based on data on the movement of people around the city, video surveillance, monitoring the water level in water bodies, noise and pollution sensors make cities more convenient and safer. And the big data that is collected as a result of the sensors enables the city authorities to better understand the needs of residents.
#Agricultural sector
In the agricultural sector, Internet of things relieves agronomists headaches regarding soil conditions. Sensors in the ground record indicators: is there enough moisture, do plants need nutrition. Drones record from the sky and transmit them to engineers. Neural networks can help engineers assess soil conditions. You no longer need to go around everything personally to control the crop and monitor each bug. The Netherlands, being a small country with a high population density, is one of the world leaders in food production — this was made possible thanks to IoT.
#Logistics
Thanks to Internet of things, the delivery of any goods from production or from warehouses to stores is much more predictable — which is important for both the end consumer and business. Logistics companies can track where the car is or at what point it is time for him to drive up to download. In addition to trucks, the system is also used in water transport — in cargo ships, for example. Sensors monitor the condition and position of the car — this saves the owners of logistics companies from unnecessary calls and repair costs.
#Building and home
Smart meters themselves record how much energy was spent this month — no need to run around and take readings. Some solutions for a smart home even show how much a particular light bulb or home appliance connected to the network consumes. Smart elevators themselves inform about breakdowns, the heat control systems in the house remotely show the room temperature and can be switched on via a smartphone. For example, if you install such a system in the country, then you can heat the room ahead of time by pressing a couple of buttons in a mobile application — and come immediately to a warm house.
#The medicine
Medical devices connected to Internet can not only save on treatment, preventing serious complications (since the data is collected and sent to the doctor almost automatically, and you can identify the causes of complications from them), but also save lives, as the system alerts doctors if the patient’s tests are too bad, or he did not do them on time. The medical Internet of things in some countries is maintained at the state level. For example, the Korean authorities are trying to make affordable devices for older people, and in Turkey, partnership programs between the state and business have been introduced to combat diabetes and its complications.
#Security systems
CCTV and security systems are becoming part of the life of both individual businesses and entire cities. Yes, CCTV cameras with face recognition in the subway are also Internet of things.
#Transport
If smart unmanned vehicles is still the technology of the future, which is only preparing for a massive assault on cities, then a modern controlled car with sensors for analyzing the state of the system and quick diagnostics has already become a reality. It is estimated that by 2021 there will be 250 million Internet-connected cars on the roads, that is, approximately one in five.
#Retail
Department stores without cashiers, cameras that recognize the emotions of customers, virtual and augmented reality, which allows you to talk more about the product — these technologies already exist.